A Prairie Foursquare in Memphis

The 1903 house in Memphis, Tennessee, is a boldly detailed example of the Midwest Prairie School genre on the familiar foursquare type. The well-preserved house never looked better than now.

These owners enlarged the kitchen by taking space from a small back porch. A discrepancy in ceiling heights is a record of that original configuration. A mosaic-tile backsplash is a colorful focal point.

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An educator who grew up in old houses, Matthew Domas is partial to stained glass. When he encountered the front door of this house in Memphis, he was smitten. Having married in 2003, he and Elizabeth were looking for a home where they could raise children. Elizabeth, a co-owner of a nursing business, grew up near New Orleans. Although its simplicity reminded her of her home city’s architecture, she wasn’t convinced that the neglected house could be brought back.

“It was in terrible shape,” she says. “Matthew had to convince me.”

The house was built in 1903—a 3,800-square-foot, 2 ½- storey foursquare in the city’s Central Gardens neighborhood. Matthew and Elizabeth, who bought it in 2005, installed new wiring, a new roof, new gutters, and new landscaping. Elizabeth designed a kitchen that was enlarged with space taken from a small back porch. Today, they live here with their children Nolan, 12, Anna Caroline, 10, and their dogs, Mid Town Brown, a mutt, and Yorkshire terrier Sir Otis Stax.

“We touched every room during our restoration,” Elizabeth says. 

Built in 1903, the Prairie-style American Foursquare was built in materials including brick, stucco, and wood. Details include corner quoins and brackets in the eaves.

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Her husband describes what he knows of its history: “The house was built for a lady named Kate Long, from Arkansas; her father was a state senator. It was later sold to Isaac Sellers, a whiskey broker, who died in 1913. After that, it was split into two rental units and stayed that way for some time.

Comfortable and warm, the living room glows with quarter-sawn woodwork—which had been painted by a previous owner and then restored by a subsequent one. Large windows are uncurtained.

Gridley + Graves

“When we bought it, the house was again a one-family, but most of the stained glass was covered with black paint. The exterior was bland; architectural elements were all painted the same color so that you couldn’t really see the varied and interesting exterior details. At some point,” Matthew adds, “all the quarter-sawn oak interior woodwork had been painted. Fortunately for us, a previous owner stripped it and brought it back to its original appearance.”

“This house, which has an elongated foursquare plan, was a custom build,” Elizabeth says. “There’s no other house like this. Also, in the 1880s, a fire destroyed much of Memphis, so older houses are rare here.”

The front door leads directly into a 25-by-16-foot living room that runs the width of the house. The room is centered on a fireplace with a green tile surround and a mirrored, quarter-sawn oak overmantel. The fireplace is flanked by a pair of stained-glass windows, their design echoing that of the entry transoms.

An inherited table fits the dining room, which boasts its original chandelier and stained-glass transoms. The ca. 1840 portrait depicts the then-owner of Chalmette Plantation in Louisiana.

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“We think that the stained glass in the house might have come from Chicago,” Matthew says, “especially when it comes to the three-part window in the stair landing. While the other glass patterns are Arts & Crafts, that design is Art Nouveau.”

Beside the living room, the staircase terminates in a small foyer that boasts one of the house’s original elements, a chandelier with five large glass globes. The fanciful bronze and glass newel light, however, was a found by Elizabeth to replace an original long gone.

The other original chandelier hangs over the dining table. The dining-room windows have the same stained-glass transoms as those in the living room. In the small library, pivoting square windows have a simpler medievalist, shield-inspired pattern.

When she chose colors for the rooms, Elizabeth took her cues from the stained glass. The walls are done in soft tones of green, pink, and ochre.

“I took the curtains down to help bring the outside in,” she says. “And when we rebuilt the kitchen, I chose goldenrod- yellow walls, with red for the island, and I added a multicolored mosaic glass backsplash. I love a kitchen with color—this is my happy place.” She and her husband replaced the kitchen’s green and white linoleum with new oak flooring and topped the white base cabinets and red island with black granite counters. A pair of French doors leads to a small deck.

Pillows covered in Native American fabrics accent a pair of leather-upholstered armchairs. The square windows of the period open like awning windows.

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A Rich Inheritance 

Both Matthew and Elizabeth Domas come from collecting families. Elizabeth’s grandmother collected Arts & Crafts pottery long before it became fashionable, and Matthew’s parents sought out Native American baskets, pottery, and art. In particular, they collected the work of the Chitimacha tribe of Louisiana. 

“It’s wonderful when your forebears collected things that appeal to us today,” Matthew says. “The pottery and the Indian art they passed down to us are not only beautiful, but also record their aesthetic and their appreciation for objects that reflect an area’s culture and history.” 

As Arts & Crafts movement pioneers knew, American Indian art is perfectly suited to the architecture of the period. Native, vernacular, handcrafted, and functional, with bold colors and patterns, it is an antecedent of the language of Arts & Crafts.


Tags: Memphis OHJ April 2019 Prairie Foursquare Prairie Style

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